Stages of learning

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Stages of learning 

  • Stimulus and motivation
  • Goal
  • Comprehending the situation
  • Response
  • Reinforcement
  • Integration

stages of learning process
stages of teaching learning process
stages of learning in special education


However, the following are the six general stages drawn from these theories.

  1. Stimulus and motivation:  Stimulus and motivation initiate the response behaviour (the lamp attracting the baby).
  2. Goal: This is the second stage in learning process. The learner forms the goal depending on the stimulus (the goal of the baby is to reach the lamp and play with it).
  3. Comprehending the situation: The learner does not respond to the stimulus immediately. The learner should assess the distance between itself and the lamp and think how to reach it. The baby is ready to respond (the baby attempts to crawl the distance to the lamp. Further if there is any hurdle between itself and the lamp he has to overcome the hurdle).
  4. Response: After readiness as described in the third stage, the learner responds to achieve the goal (the baby's response is touching and withdrawing hand).
  5. Reinforcement: If the response (learning behaviour) in one situation gives satisfaction and pleasure, the learner tends to repeat the same behaviour when he faces similar situations. It means, the second trail reinforces the first response in the first attempt. Similarly, in the first attempt if the behaviour is modified or withdrawn, this behaviour in the next attempt is a reinforcer. Gradually, response in similar situations in future becomes habit or automatic (the baby as he grows up, automatically i.e. without thinking much tries to escape from fire).
  6. Integration: Learning is not complete with knowing the response for similar situations and doing it. The learner has to fix this response in his mind (remembering). In future situations, the leary has to select one or more responses of the previous experience and respond to the present situation. It is also necessary to integrate a newly acquired behaviour with previous knowledge and responses. This is the essential characteristic of learning. Learning can be said to be effective when the learner achieves integration successfully.



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