Transfer of learning

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Transfer of learning


 Learning of any task or skill influenced by earlier learning or past experience. When learning of one skill influences learning of other similar skills, it is called transfer of learning. Transfer is an important aspect of liad it makes the classroom teaching process more effective. Different psychologists have defined transfer in different ways.


Definitions: 


" The carry over of habits, thinking, feeling, or working of knowledge or of skills, from one learning arra to another is usually referred to as the transfer of training." - Crow and Crow

" The transfer of knowledge, training and habits acquired in one situation to another".- Sorenson

"Transfer of learning occurs when a person's learning in one situation influences his learning and performances in other situations."- Bigge opines


types of transfer of learning


types of transfer of learning with examples


b.ed


transfer of learning b.ed notes




Types of Transfer: 

Learning situations require transfer and this takes place in five ways i.e., positive, negative, zero bilateral and horizontal/vertical transfer.

A. Positive transfer:

Positive transfer occurs when what is learned in one situation proves helpful to the learner in another situation.

Examples

  • Knowledge and skill in arithmetics help in learning statistical computations.
  • Knowledge in addition and subtraction gelp in the learning multiplication and division.
  • Learning to ride a bicycle helps in learning to ride a motorbike.
  • Learning to drive a Maruti 800 helps in driving an Opel Astra.
  • Learning Hindi may help in learning Gujarati or Punjabi.

B. Negative transfer:

 Negative transfer occurs when learning or training in one situation hinders, interface or weakens the learning in another situation.

Examples

  • Difficulty in pronouncing, "put" after learning pronounce "but".
  • Pronunciation and intonation of regional language hinders the learning of a foreign language.
  • Driving a honda Activa scooter, which has an autostart, may hinder driving of herobike with gears.
  • Learning to drive on the right hand side of the road in America is difficult as compared to driving on left hand side in India.

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